System of radiocontrol



J. H. HAMMOND, JR.

SYSTEM OF RADIOCONTROL.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-22,1914. RENEWED MAY 22.1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

INVE/VTOR A4 TTUR/VEYS J. H. HAMMOND, JR.

SYSTEM OF RADIOCONTROL. APPLICATION-FILED JAN-22, 1914. RENEWED MAY 22, 1920.

' 1,370,688. Patented Mar. 1921.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

WITNESSES l/Vl/El/TUR v UNITE.

JOHN HAYS nhlvnuonn, an, or GLOUCESTER,

MASSACHUSETTS.

SYSTEM OF RADIOCONTEOL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

Application filed January 22, 1914, Serial Ito. 813,617. Renewed May 22, 1920. Serial No. 383,601.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN HAYS HAM- MOND, Jr., a citizen of the United States, residing at Gloucester, in the State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Systems of Radiocontrol, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in systems in which the movements of bodies or mechanisms radiant energy; and it relates more particularly to methods and apparatus by which a movable body such, pedo, a boat, an air craft, a vehicle or a revolving lighthouse may be made to move toward, or to face in the direction of a source of radiant energy.

I have already shown several forms of my invention in my application for United States Letters Patent Serial No. 702,17 1, and

in the present embodiment of my invention,

I employ a source of radiant energy where electric or Hertzian waves will be generated and from which they willbe radiated. At my receiving station, which may be on a torpedo or a boat, or on some other movable body, I use two or more receiving antennae,

arranged in loops at angles to each other,

so that they will receive radiant energy in difierent amounts depending upon their orientation with respect to the source of energy. Connected with the receiving antennae are detectors of electric which are connected with relays and other apparatus which, in turn, control mechanisms. When the torpedo or boat or other movable body faces or moves toward the source of energy, the receiving antennae will receive energy in equal amounts and the detectors of electric waves will be equally afiect'ed, and the body will continue to face or move in the same direction. But when the body turns so that it no longer faces or moves toward the source of energy, ceiving antennae will receive energy in different amounts, the detectors will be ditferently afiected, and mechanisms Wlll. be set in operation which will tend to turn the body so that it again faces or moves in the direction of the source of energy, and the receiving antennae receive equal amounts of energy.

In the drawings 1 have shown-only receiving stations, but it is to be understood system are controlled or directed by a for instance, as a toror Hertzialn waves also connected, respectively,

the re- I radio transmission of energy,

that I employ corresponding transmitting stations or sources of radiant energy.

Referring tothe drawings Figure 1 shows a receiving station on my in diagrammatic form.

Fig. 2 shows some of-the apparatus and mechanisms at a receiving station, partly in diagrammatic form.

. Fig. 8 shows a modified form of receiving apparatus on my system.

In Fig. 1, two closed loop antennae, 1 and 2, contain each a condenser 3 and 4. Around these condensers are shunted the audions used as receiving detectors. The grids 7 and 8 of the audions are connected to one side of the condensers 3 and 4, respectively, and the filaments 9 and 10 are connected to the other side of these condensers. The filaments 9 and 10 are arranged to be heated in any well known or suitable manner, as for instance by batteries 9 and 10 acting through variable resistances 9" and 10". The plates 5 and 6 are connected in series with magnet windings 13 and 1 1, respectively, and the batteries 11 and 12, whose negative terminals are connected with the hot filaments 9 and 10 of the audions. The windings or coils 13 and 1 1 are wound in opposite directions about the core 15. polarized armature '16 can swing so as to make contact with either contact 17 or contact 18, according as to which winding on core 15 is energized. The armature 16 is connected with the battery 19 and with the solenoids 20 and 21, these solenoids being with contacts 17 and 18, so that when the armature makes contact at 17 solenoid 20 will. be energized, and when it makes contact at 18, solenoid 21 will be energized. The steering gear 22 or any other suitable mechanism can be controlled by the solenoids 20 and 21.

The directive efi'ect of the closed loop antennas is well understood in the art of and the fact that the phase of the electrical oscillations received in the loop varies according to the orientation of the loop with respect to the source of energy. Therefore, according to the amount of energy stored in the condensers, so will be the value of the negative charge on the grids. The value'of the negative charge accumulated on the grids will, as is well understood, determine the amount of the flux current traversing the audion from the filament to the plate. As this current passes through the coils l3 and 14 it 61.

Wlll be seen that the differential relay will ward and y means of rod 63 W11] operate have its opposition windings more or less the steering gear, or other mechanlsm, 64 in 5 energized according to the base relationof the opposite direction from before.

the currents in the closed oops. Since, as Spring 65 and 66 tend to restore pistons efore explained, this matter of the phase 53 and 54, respectively, to their original podi erence in the loops is, dependent entirely on their orientation with respect to the source of radiant energy, then it Wlll be sition, an .springs 67 and 68 tend to keep the steering gear, or other mechanism, 64 in its central position.

Instead of the form of differential relay shown, it may sometimes be preferable to favorably disposed with respect to the sendof mechanical connection between the two 111%868131011. swinging coils. In this way any mutual inig. 2 shows in more detail valve mechaduction between the two coils or undue fric-- -n1sms controlled by a modified form of t1on or other bad effects found in the ordidifl'erential relay connected with the audion's "nary form of differential relay are obviated. a ove described. In Fig. 3, I s owanother'means of ob- The differential coils 35 and 36 are mechanically connected bythe wire or strip 41, and are ceiving antennae. In t e drawing they are separated, but they may b (3011 35 belng between-the pole pieces 31 and in ig- 1, 32, and coil 36 being between the pole pieces is connected with one of and 76 are connected respectively, with the grids77 and 78 of corresponding plates of this audion are 79 and- 80, and 81 is the hot filament.

both grids and both plates are v and 4c.

way the coils 35 and 36 turn. Contact finger and filament f is electrically connected with battery 44 and and solenoids 47 and 48. ontact 45 is connected with solenoid 47, and contact 46 with solenoid48. ore or plunger 49 is attracted I slde or the other accordingto .the ch by solenoid 47 when the latter is energized, balance occuring in the system. A common of h piston 54 in the cylinder 56. These pistons 3 and 54-and cylinders '55 and 56 act as valves to control the admission of compressed 50. tank atever may bethe nature of the receiving apparatus used with my system, it is the cylinder 61.. to be understood that 1f the] amounts of I 8' are dee'ner- 7 therewith are very small, gized, pistons 53 and 54 are in their lower t e effects of the received energy may be positions, as shown, pipes 59 and 60 are, locally amplified by means of audions or closed, and pipes 57 and 58 are open, so that 7; other suitable amplifying devices so as to both ends of cylinder 61 are open to the; produce currents of sufiici'ent strength to opatmosphere. n general, I do not hen solenoid 47 is' energized, piston 53 confine myself to the particular apparatus is moved so as to open a connection between and mechanisms here s own, but various pipes 59 and 57 and admit fluid into the and modifications, 60 upper end of cylinder. 61. Piston 62 will knowledge of those skilled in the art, may downward and by means be made in the particular a paratus shown of rod 63 will operate the steering gear, or and wit out departing other mechanism, 64. hen solenoid 48 is from the spirit of my invention, provided energized, piston 54 is moved so as toopen the means set forth in the following claims 65 aconnection between pipes 60 and 58 and, d.

contained in one vacuum bulb. e plates.

employ two sensitiverelays with some form adapted to receive of two gri Having thus described claim:

1. In a system ofradio control, a receiving station comprising antennae, each of which is I'Iertzian waves from a iven source in a quantitative degree depending upon its orientation with respect to said source, and a relay including a polarized armature operated when an excess of energy is received by any one of said antennae. 2. In a system station comprising a plurality of antennae arranged in vertical loops at angles to each other, said antennae being adapted to receive diiierent degrees my invention, I

electric radiant energy in depending upon ke wit a vertical plane containing the line joining the source of energy with the receiving station, quantitative detectors, of electric waves connected to said antennae, a sensitive relay actuated by said detectors, controlled by said relay.

3. In a system of radio control, a receiving station comprising a plurality of loop antennae arranged at an les to each other an adapted to receive in different degrees, detectors of electric waves connected with said antennae an adapted to be quantitatively afiected by th( by the antennae, a relay actuelectric radiant energy energy received ated by said detectors when they receive difierentamounts of energy, and fluid-operate mechanisms controlled by said relay. i

4, Ina system of radio control, a receiving station containing two loop antennae at right angles to each other, and an audion 'connected to both of said antennae, said audion consisting of two grids, filament all containedstation contain ng two loop angles to each other, both of said antennae,

antennae at right said audion consisting ds, two plates and one filament all connected across said r1 ge. 6. In a. system of -radio control, a receiving station comprising a plurality ofantennae arranged to receive radiant energyin different degrees respectively, detectors 0 'radiant energy connected to another of said pending and mechanisms.

9.Ina

d i said bulb,

- with. said two plates and one" n one vacuum bulb. receive electroradiant energy 5. In a system of radio control, a receiving an audion connectedto contained in one'vacuumbulb, each of said. platesconstituting with the filament one arm Y of a Wheatstone bridge, a d a sensitive relay 1 and a relay controlled by arran edto said said detectors and be operated only when one of etectors receives more energy than detectors.

7. In a system of radio control, the combination with two looped antennae, eac of which is adaptedto receive radiant energy from agiven source in a variable degree deupon the orientation of said antennae with respect to said source, of two detectors of radiant energy connected with said elements respectively, and a relay ineluding a polarized armature controlled by said detectors. 1

8. In a system of radio control, the combination with two elements, each 0 which is adapted to receive radiant energy from a a variable degree depending upon the orientation of said element'with respect to said source, 0 an audion connected to both of said elements, including a bulb andtwo grids, two pl and one filament, all contained in said bulb, and a polarized relay controlled by said audion. r

ates

, I control, the combination of two antennae, of an audion con-= nected to both of said antan'nae, said audion including one vacuum bulb and two grids, two lates and one filament, all contained ineach of said plates constituting filament one arm of a Wheatstone a sensitive relay connected across system of radio bridge, and

' said bridge.

10. A system for receiving radiant energy, comprising a plurality of .looped antennae ar--, ranged in di erent planes and. adapted to from ,a given sourcein different degrees depending upon the orientation of said to. said source, detectors operatively connected with said antennae, and a relay controlled by said detectors and arranged 'tobe actuated when said detectors receive different amounts of energy.

' This specification signed and witnessed this 19th daylo'i January, A; D., 1914. JO NHAYS HAMMOND, JR. -Witnesses: v

-WM.EMERSQN Pansons. Y

Fmuois Brennan,

said antennae,

said audion antennae with respect 1 

